Corneum of the skin is less than 10%, the skin appears dry, wrinkled and even desquamated. Moisturizing cosmetics are a type of cosmetics that aim to maintain moderate moisture in the outer tissue of the skin. In moisturizing cosmetics, the moisturizing agents that play a moisturizing role mainly include the following types of substances.

1. Fats and oils

This type of moisturizing agent is not absorbed by the skin, and can form an oil film on the surface of the skin to prevent the evaporation of water in the stratum corneum, and play a role in sealing and moisturizing. The representative raw material is Vaseline, but its greasy property is strong, so other oily raw materials, such as olive oil and almond oil, are often used.

2. Hygroscopic components

These humectants are mostly organic compounds such as small-molecule alcohols, acids, amines, etc., which can absorb water from the surrounding environment and increase the water content of the stratum corneum of the skin. Such as glycerol, amino acids, sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate, lactic acid and lactate. This type of moisturizing agent is only suitable for seasons with high relative humidity and southern regions, and is not suitable for the dry winter in the north, but it can be solved by combining with oil-based moisturizing agents.

3. Hydrophilic ingredients

This type of humectant is a hydrophilic polymer compound, which can form a space network structure after being swollen with water, bind free water in the network, turn free water into bound water, and make it difficult for water to evaporate and dissipate, thus locking in water and moisturizing. It is a relatively advanced moisturizing ingredient with a wide range of use and is suitable for various skin types and various climatic conditions. The representative raw material is hyaluronic acid (also known as hyaluronic acid), which is a mucopolysaccharide substance with strong and mild moisturizing effect. It is an excellent moisturizing agent.

4. Restorative ingredients

The stratum corneum is the natural barrier of the human body. If the barrier function is reduced, the water loss of the skin will increase. Add substances that can repair the stratum corneum to the moisturizing products, improve the barrier function of the stratum corneum, and reduce the amount of water lost through the skin to achieve moisturizing effect. Such as ceramide, vitamin E and so on.